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2011 Video TranscriptsPlaying Smart, On and Off the Field, video on concussion prevention with former UM football coach Lloyd Carr: I’m a little out of my league with my fellow guest speakers here. My background is . . . I played the game; I coached high school football for 7 years and college for 31 years. Now that makes me old. I was a school board member in my local community for 7 years. I was on the American Football Coaches Association Board of Trustees for several years. I was on the rules committee of the NCAA for one and a half terms, and I have learned a lot. I’ve been exposed to great doctors and trainers in my career here at Michigan. But really, when it comes down to the real issues of concussion, I’m very uneducated. I’ve learned probably more since I’ve got out of coaching. I’ve read all the New York Times articles on this issue, but I guess what I want to do today is give you one perspective from the standpoint of one coach. I received an award in my last year of coaching . . . the Bobby Dodd Award. Bobby Dodd was a great player and football coach and athletic director and Hall of Fame and the whole thing. He wrote a book, and I was given this book as a gift back in my first year of coaching in the late 60s. And Bobby Dodd . . . at the end of this book . . . he said the one thing that we must always keep in mind is that the most important thing in the game is the boy who plays the game. And you know, that should be our mantra in coaching, because it’s more important than winning and then the money and then the prestige and the fame that comes with success. And I always tried to keep that in mind from the time that I read it. I had coaches who were like that. It was a different era. But I think we all understand there’s a risk in sports, especially in games like football, lacrosse. It’s there in soccer as well, hockey, and a lot of other sports. And football . . . back in the early 1900s, Theodore Roosevelt saved the game. There were a lot of deaths in this game, and there were people who wanted to abolish it. And Roosevelt had a son who played the game, and he loved the game. And he brought a lot of coaches together and he said, look, if you don’t develop some rules and make this a safer game, then we are going to abolish it. Of course, that is no different than what we have today, but in my lifetime certainly, the most serious research that has come forward is this link between concussion and long-term mental health risk. This morning in the New York Times, Dr. James Boehnke . . . I may murder his name, but he’s a University of Michigan doctor . . . he said the level of evidence is very, very strong. (He is) a professor of biostatistics at the University of Michigan and an outside advisor on the research. He said strokes and head injuries which make alzheimers more likely also cause brain inflammation. This is a wake-up call, and I applaud the New York Times because I think as a group of professionals in the coaching profession most of us are not educated like we need to be. What we need to do is . . . there’s legislation in the national . . . . in the Senate and the House of Representatives regarding the safety issues. We have the NCAA, we have all of these state high school athletic associations, the NCAA, the university presidents who’ve have taken over the leadership of inter-collegiate athletics, the equipment manufacturers, the officials, the people who make the rules, the media, the parents . . . all of those people . . . we have to get on the same page. And that’s a major problem, it’s a major challenge, it’s a major job. But in my view, education is the key, and that’s what we’ve heard today. How is the game being taught? How is it being coached? What are the rules? How is it being officiated? How is it being administered? And so yesterday, the New York Times had an article about John Madden football in the NFL that was alluded to earlier, and this is really exciting stuff to me, and I think it probably can be applied to any sport. But in Madden Football, which is produced by EA Sports, they will no longer show plays where the . . . they will teach that it’s wrong on these video games that all these kids watch . . . it’s wrong to lead with the head. They’re going to make that point. They will not display helmet-to-helmet hits no longer. and that’s been a big part of the attraction in the past. I can give you an example . . . 1997 we were playing Penn State late in the season, and the national championship was on the line. I had a player named Adrian Taylor . . . the game was at Penn State . . . and on the Penn State sideline, Adrian Taylor made the hardest hit I’ve ever seen on a football field. I mean, you could hear it all over that stadium. Of course, Adrian Taylor never played another snap in football, because they felt after his recovery that . . . .he wanted to play . . . but they did not feel the risk was worth it, and he never played again. But for the entire next week that play was shown on ESPN it seemed like hundreds of times. So I think the idea of taking a game and teaching youngsters how to play safe . . . they’re not going to show defenseless players. You know the most dangerous play in football is when a quarterback is looking down the field to throw a pass and he gets hit in the head from someone he doesn’t see. And the NFL has done a great job in making that a fine and directing themselves to correcting that type of play. They’re going to show concussioned players in this video, but they’re going to show that they have to be removed and it’s no longer safe for them to return that day. So I think that there’s some tremendous things being done with this . . . even though it’s a business, they’re trying to make money . . . but you can expect . . . how many kids today learn the game watching it on video as opposed to playing it themselves in the park? And what they see influences the way they play the game. Cris Collinsworth, who was a former NFL player and now a lead broadcaster, has done an unbelievable job of pointing out unsafe plays in NFL games, and he’s taken a lot of criticism for it. But I think that we’ve got some things in the media and the educational realm that’s going to have a great impact, but in the chatrooms, this is very unpopular with the changes that they’re making in this game. But I think those of us who have been in the game understand it’s a great issue. I think the most important thing as it relates to the game itself is how long are the games and how long are the seasons. You know, in the NFL, Dan Rooney who’s the owner . . . he’s the ambassador to Ireland now . . . but he owns the Pittsburgh Steelers, and he is one owner in the NFL who has come out opposed to lengthening their season to 18 games. Even though for him, as a business man, 18 games is a lot of money as opposed to 16. But we have the same issue in college football. When I played, we played a 9 game season. Nine games. And I can remember we had a great year. We were invited to a bowl game. They asked the players if they wanted to go, and the team voted no. It’s probably the last . . . I guarantee you it’s the last time a college team did not go to a bowl game because they voted not to. Because there ‘s money in those bowl games you know. Then we went to 10 games and then we went to 11 games. Six or seven years ago, toward the end of my career, there was a proposal for a 12 th game. I was in an AFCA meeting in Louisville, Kentucky, I think . . . maybe Texas . . . but at any rate, Miles Brand, the president of the NCAA was there, and someone asked him about why there was such strong support among the presidents and the athletic directors for a 12 th game. And he said it’s hypocrisy. I mean, anybody in that room was stunned to hear that. And he went on to say exactly what we knew as coaches . . . it was all about money. O f course, they went on and passed that legislation and now we have 12 games, and of course with a bowl game, we have 13. And in the Big Ten conference this year, we’re going to a playoff because of the additional . . . because of Nebraska in the conference . So the Big Ten champion next year will play 14 games. And the thing that a lot of people don’t understand in college football . . . there are more plays in a college game than there are in a professional game. At one time, we did a study. We found that 12 college games was like playing 15 professional games. Now the NCAA, and I think our commissioners, they have tried to shorten the games by letting the clock continue to run on out-of-bounds plays and those sorts of things. But the truth is those are major issues as we go forward in college football. The other issue of great concern is the equipment issue. In the 1960s . . you know in the 50s, there were a lot of helmets without any facemasks, and there’s a lot of people who believe today that the facemask is what has led to taking away the fear of the player getting hit in the face. If he plays without fear . . . because if you look at the helmets today, they call what they put across the face a cage. Because really it’s like being in a cage. The helmets have changed significantly. The thing that I think is really a critical issue where we need to educate parents is that last year, according to the paper in the Times, there were 100,000 helmets that were over 10 years of age that were being used, and most of those were by youth football players. So we have to do some things . . . there’s big business in reconditioning these helmets. So a high school coach will collect all his helmets at the end of the season, send them out to a company that will repaint them , if they happen to have things repaired, facemasks, etc. they’ll do all that. And they’ll continue to use them year after year because the cost of helmets today . . . many of them are $200, and a lot of these schools, a lot of these youth leagues, can’t afford it. We have to get beyond that in some way. I’d just like to end with the idea that to me if you’re a parent or a grandparent or you’re involved with a youngster that’s getting ready to play the game, the number one thing you need to do is make sure that he or she has a good physical examination because there are too many instances in the past where they have not had physicals, and it has led to major issues. Conditioning is another thing . . . they need to run and condition, particularly for a sport like football or any sport where they’re wearing a lot of equipment. They need to condition themselves before the season starts without the equipment. You know in the old days, football players would show up the first day of practice, put all the pads on and go out and play in August, and that is an extremely unhealthy thing. I think the other thing that is critical in today’s football . . . when I played, a guy 240 pounds was one of the biggest men on the team, and as recently as the 1980s, players were . . . linemen , the biggest players on the team . . . were 250-260. My last year, I had a tackle, a great player, named Jake Long who played at 330 pounds. If you look at what has happened physiologically, players are much bigger, they’re much stronger, and they’re much faster. That’s why there’s a greater risk at the game. In my judgment, one of the things that any young athlete needs to do is they need to make sure that there’s strength training for the neck. It’s something, to me, that it has to be a major point of emphasis as we go through. You know, the key for a parent is if you watch enough practice, if you listen to the coaches, it’s pretty easy to figure out who’s really good and who needs to learn some things. And that’s something, you know, that . . . in a practice . . . what I read recently was that a majority of concussions occur in practice. Of course in practice, you’ve got a limited number of coaches, and when you have contact drills, it’s impossible to see 22 guys. That’s why if you’re a parent, and your son is playing youth football or . . . then you need to watch as many practices as you can and get a feel for how the coaching . . . the approach the coach is taking, and the kind of drills he ran. I’ll never forget when I was a freshman in college, we’d go out and one of the first practices of the year, we’ve got the pads on, and the coach lines us up with 15 yards apart and he says, “Now I want you to run at each other as fast as you can, and one guy will be the ball carrier and one guy will be the tackle.” We knew then this guy was crazy, but we did it. We did it. That’s what kids do. They do what they’re coached to do. When you see things like that, you have to be willing to take your son out of the drill or make sure the coach understands that you want to know why he’s doing that. And there’s a way to do that . . . but at times . . . when it comes down to the health of your son or your daughter, that’s a pretty important issue. And then the thing that I would do, I would always ask that kid, “Do you like playing? Do you want to play?” Make sure he’s playing because he wants to play, not because you want him to play. Or he shouldn’t feel compelled to play because he feels like his dad or his mother really wants him to play, because in the end, that’s an issue. And is he ready to play? You know, you go out to a practice, or you go watch a team practice, how physiologically does he measure up in stature. You know, there’s things that if you‘re paying attention as a parent, you’re going to know what to do when the time comes. So I guess we’re going to take some questions here, but I think the biggest thing is . . . from a coaching perspective . . . you know, the communication that you have with a parent. I had a lot of parents call me, and 90% of them would say, “Coach, don’t tell Jimmy I’m calling, no matter what!” But you’ve got to feel like, and have the confidence, that the coach wants to communicate. It may not always be easy, but he’s never too busy to speak with you about question or concerns that you have.
2010 Video TranscriptsTranscript of Dr. Denis Mukwege of Congo video: The Wallenberg Medal honors Raoul Wallenberg who was a graduate of the University of Michigan in 1935. He was appointed by the Swedish government and sent to Budapest to save the Jews from Nazi execution, and it was a mission for him to save as many Jews as he could. That's what he did. Dr. Denis Mukwege is the 20th recipient of the University of Michigan Wallenberg Medal, for his work as a physician in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. He is the director of Panzi Hospital, where he specializes in the treatment of women who are victims of sexual violence in teh Congo and Rwanda. Dr. Mukwege is just an ideal Wallenberg Medal recipient. He has made the sacrifices of leaving a calm and relaxing life, and he continues to do it. He will not abandon the women he has helped and who count on him. He's just tremendously inspiring. The women of Congo are waiting for support from the students of Michigan so they can be considered human. And in order to be considered human, they need peace. Peace is made by everyone. Intervening and interrupting what's going on there in the east Congo is the work of public health practitioners. So I think he will mobilize some students to think about that part of the world and do something about it. I was really inspired by Dr. Mukwege's talk. I think it is something everyone should get involved in, in any way, shape, or form, whether you're student, faculty or staff here at the University of Michigan. I've always wanted to work in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, specifically with HIV/AIDS and women and children. Dr. Mukwege's talk just really inspired us. Actually after graduation, we want to go to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and start an orphanage or home for children who are born of rape and then discarded, and really stigmatized by the community. So that's what path we're on right now. I think awareness is the most important part of this whole process. We as public health students and other graduate students can help in educating people and trying to decrease the amount of rapes going on, and get to the root of the problem. If the students of Michigan say "never again," if they say "this is not acceptable, this has to stop" it could have a snowball effect, and the entire university can say, "We are committed to saying that it's not acceptable, it must stop." This is why I'm here, and I believe the impact is quite positive. One person can make a difference. No matter how large the problems, one person can make a difference. 2.Transcript of China Scholar Exchange: Part 1 video, in which Out of the Blue host Jenn White interviews UM SPH Professor Matthew Boulton about the China Scholar Exchange program in Tianjin, China. (Voice-over): We keep hearing that the world is shrinking. We’re becoming an increasingly global community and that means being better able to face the challenges that occur when countries and cultures come together. So what role can a university play in building a bridge between nations that are facing this swiftly approaching global future. White: Welcome to Out of the Blue. I’m Jenn White and clearly, this isn’t Ann Arbor, Michigan. We’re in Shanghai, China to learn more about projects the University of Michigan is engaged in abroad. We’ll come back to Shanghai a little later in the show, but first we had we head north to Tianjin. China’s economy and standard of living have been growing steadily for over two decades and the city of Tianjin saw remarkable growth and improvements. But in the year 2003, the outbreak of the SARS epidemic seemed to threaten everything that the Chinese have worked to achieve. The epidemic passed, but not before China took notice of its antiquated public health system. Back at the University of Michigan School of Public Health, Associate Dean Matthew Boulton prepared for a trip to the Beijing forum in 2006. As the former Chief Medical Executive of the State of Michigan’s Department of Public Health, Dr. Boulton bumped into one of his former employees, now Director of Epidemiology for China’s National Centers for Disease Control, Dr. Jianli Kan. Boulton: It was from that personal relationship that over dinner the two of us formulated the idea for establishing a larger training exchange program. Consequently, that resulted in an introduction to the Dr. XieXu Wang, the Director General of the Tianjin CDC. Dr. Wang is a visionary from my perspective. She immediately saw the potential for building a relationship with the University of Michigan School of Public Health. White: So Matthew, give us a frame work for understanding how public health collaborations with China work. Boulton: At its very foundation it involves an exchange. They’re sending individuals here for training exposure to our public health system and we’re sending students and faculty to China so they can be exposed to public health systems in China. White: The China Scholars Exchange Program is now in its third year. In May of 2010, Associate Dean Boulton traveled to Tianjin with one faculty member, and 8 master’s and doctoral students. [Video of Boulton asking Chinese CDC employee: “So this is the CDC for this whole area that we are in right now. Are there little CDC’s, like the village or neighborhood CDC’s?"] Are there things about China as a country that makes it particularly beneficial as a place of study for public health? Boulton: Well, I think one of the tremendous benefits that contribute to the ease of operating here is that the Chinese government has very clearly made a substantial investment in public health, especially subsequent to SARS. China was embarrassed with basically what went on, and I think they committed themselves after that to improving their public health system. What’s appealing about it is it’s possible to get things done here in Public Health. So all the infrastructure is in place for collaborators to come in, work with the China CDC to make actual improvements in public health. White (voice-over): Before arriving in Tianjin, the scholars met with staff of the Chinese National Centers for Disease control in Beijing, where Dr. Boulton’s contacts allow for an unprecedented access to health data to compliment the actual field work that they undertake at Tianjin. Boulton: There’s probably not as full a use of the data that they’re collecting right now as there could be to inform their program intervention, so what does the TB data tell us as well we look at that information we’re getting on patients, that we analyze it. How can it improve the program interventions that we undertake to interrupt transmissions of Tuberculosis in China, or identify more quickly people who have active TB, so we can treat them and prevent them from transmitting from others. (END of PART 1) Transcript of China Scholar Exchange: Part 2 : White: During their two week visit, scholars from the University of Michigan’s School of Public Health visited hospitals, clinics and labs to witness first-hand the rapidly expanding public health system in China. How has the information sharing worked in this relationship? Is there a lot of willingness to be transparent with the information from both sides? Boulton: In terms of what we’re permitted to do, I think there’s been a transparency. I think what’s been key to it is that early on in the relationship, we established structure by signing a memorandum of understanding. It really laid out what was permissible in this collaboration, including very specific recommendations for how we would proceed with joint studies that result in publication in the peer review literature. White: While there are some sensitivities to sharing certain types of public health information in China, the scholars seem to encounter very little resistance. Boulton: It could be many of the things that we’ve learned here about successfully controlling tuberculosis could be of use in working collaboratively with the Chinese. Likewise, is the students and faculty go to China, they learn how they do things differently there. For example, their follow up services for women who have given birth to babies is excellent. It involves a number of at home visits to make sure mother and baby are doing fine. I think there’s a lot we could learn in terms of improving perinatal outcomes in the United States from what the Chinese are doing White: JoLynn Montgomery is a research investigator in the Department of Epidemiology. As Director of the Michigan Center of Public Preparedness, she observes the implementation of public health practice with a keen eye. In your trips to China, this is your second now; has it informed your work personally in the way you approach it? Montgomery: Yes it has. I’ve been interested for a long time in how to control infectious diseases. I’ve had opportunities to work with the Tianjin CDC on how to control measles which is a big problem here. China has a lot of people so you have a lot more disease here. They have diseases that we don’t have any more. Disease that have not been controlled in this country yet. I’m looking at lots of opportunities in the future to work with them on that, perhaps tuberculosis, pertussis and some enteric diseases. There are lots of opportunities and lots of needs here, so it’s pretty exciting. Boulton: In Tianjin, we left four students who will be there for the entire summer, for 3 to 4 months, involved in programmatic and research on collaborations. It’s been fascination because some of the students are working on what would be considered fairly sensitive topics. White [to UM SPH Doctoral Candidate Kristen King]: Now you’re staying behind after these first two weeks. Now what will you be doing that period of time and how long will you be staying? King: I’ll be here for 2 and a half months. I’ll be working with the Tianjin CDC’s Department of Occupational Health. Boulton: Kristin represents that kind of student who’s able to pull something like that off. She has the maturity, and the intellectual awareness to see the challenges of moving in a culturally diverse setting like that, and can work through those issues successfully. White (voice-over): And gathering an appreciation of Chinese culture requires immersion in its element. While the experience of intense study of China’s public health system has been of great value to the American Scholars, the reverse has proven to be equally valuable. Boulton: That’s, I think, the ideal is that it’s a reciprocal learning experience both for students and faculty here, but also for the Chinese scholars who come over to spend training rotations at the School of Public Health. Dr. Fengshan Wang, Vice Director of the Tianjin CDC: Yeah, That was a great experience in my life, and I think I had a big harvest during that Period. Not only in English itself, but also in public health. For instance – epidemiology, management for the quick response, responding to a public health issues or events. Also, how to organize a public health team, and how to consult with government officials to make them understand the public health issues. Dr. Guohong Jiang, Director of Non-Communicable Diseases at the Tianjin CDC: In the year 2008, I had 3 months at the University of Michigan and in such a short time I established a collaborative relationship with Noreen Clark. And we continued asthma prevention program in Tianjin elementary School. This program started in 2009 and will continue to 2011. I think more and more cooperative programs will be developed between the University of Michigan and our CDC. White: Two months after the trip to China, we checked back with Kristin King, who stayed in Tianjin to conduct intensive research. So Kristin, tell me how things have been going in your research in China since we left. King (via Skype): Things have been going great. Everyone here has been very supportive; everyone here has been very friendly, and very, very helpful and understanding about my research. White: In your research, you say you’re looking at the health impacts on women workers working in the industrial factories. Are you looking for specific things, and if so, what are they? King: We’re measuring occupational fatigue, so we are looking at physical factors; we’re looking at their perception of noise pollution, working hours during the week, whether they work the night shift. Any types of psychological stress, we are asking questions on depression now, especially since suicide has increased in the south of China recently. So it’s been very interesting, the majority of women have questions about reproductive health. White (voice-over): With the proven success of the China scholars program, the School of Public Health at the University of Michigan can now celebrate the awarding of 3.8 million dollar grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) for a massively expanded collaboration with China and Tianjin CDC’s in infectious disease research. (END of PART 2)
2009 WebcastDesigner & HIV/AIDS Activist Kenneth Cole on Social Corporate ResponsibilitySPH Dean Ken Warner and Cliff Douglas of the UM Tobacco Research Network introduce Kenneth Cole at SPH in Nov. 09. (Watch below; 1 hour total). More from Kenneth Cole at http://awearnessblog.com/social-rights/
Older WebcastsUnless otherwise indicated, the following webcasts can be viewed with RealPlayer and/or Windows Media Player. Users with older web browsers may need to paste URLs into their brower's address bar. Watch presentations by more than a dozen leading authorities, from Christine Todd Whitman to NPR's Richard Harris, in videos from UM SPH's 2007 Bernstein Symposium on Nanotechnology and Health. (Windows Media Player format). Videos from spring 2008:
Videos from summer 2007:
"Health, Race, and Media: The Power of Perception" was the 21st Annual Minority Health Conference presented in March 2007 by PHSAD. Keynotes (formatted in Windows Media):
Listen to the Distingushed University Professor Lecture 'Putting People at the Center of Solutions: Controlling Chronic Disease' (formatted in Windows Media). Noreen Clark, professor of Health Behavior and Health Education, director of the Center for Managing Chronic Disease, and former dean of UM SPH, delivered the talk on October 26, 2006, preceding the opening of the UM SPH Crossroads building. The UM SPH Center for Law, Ethics, and Health's inaugural Southwick Lecture on April 12, 2006, featured Senator George Mitchell discussing "Does the Animosity Between Legal and Medical Professions Undermine Patient Care?"
The University of Michigan hosted the U.S. Citizens' Health Care Working Group's "virtual town meeting," an interactive health care forum, on March 22, 2006, in Ann Arbor, Michigan and simultaneously at 22 institutions nationwide, with goal of learning what needs to be done to make health care work better for all Americans.
Memorial Celebration
for Michigan SPH Dean Emeritus Myron Wegman, 1908-2004 Groundbreaking for the
Crossroads of Public Health
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Many SPH experts are featured in UM podcasts on science and society.
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