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Noreen Clark, Health Behavior and Health Education
Dr. Clark studies the self-management of chronic disease by older women, and the effects of caring for an individual with chronic disease, specifically mothers of children with asthma. Dr. Clark's research centers on identifying the elements of self-regulation, and she uses management of chronic disease as a model for examining constructs. Her studies of asthma self-management have contributed to the research literature and the field of practice by demonstrating that educational interventions can decrease hospitalizations and medical emergencies among low-income families. She is also developing and testing model programs for self-management of heart disease by older individuals, particularly the unique concerns of older women.
Sharpe, PA; Clark, NM; Janz, N. Differences in the impact and management of heart disease between older men and women. Women and Health, 17(2):25-43, 1991.
Clark, NM; and Starr, NS. Management of asthma by patients and families. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 149:S54-66, 1994.
Clark, NM; Janz, NK; Dodge, JA; Garrity, CR. Managing heart disease: A study of the experience of older women. Journal of the American Medical Womens Association, 49(6):202-206, 1994.
Linda Chatters, Health Behavior and Health Education
Dr. Chatters principal research intersts include the areas of religious involvement, subjective well-being, and kin and non-kin social support networks among African -Americans. A primary focus in these research efforts is the investigation of important social structural factors such as gender. Dr. Chatters' work examines the ways in which gender functions as a determinant of relevant social phenomena (e.g. gender differences in religious participation), as well as the possible explanatory mechanisms (e.g. psychosocial factors) that underlie these differences and for which gender serves as a proxy.
Levin, J.S., Chatters, L.M., and Taylor, R.J. Religious effects on health and life satisfaction among Black Americans. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 50B:S154-163;1995.
Chatters, L.M., Taylor, R.J., and Jayakody, R. Fictive kinship relations in Black extended families. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 25, 297-313;1994.
Levin, J.S., Taylor, R.J., and Chatters, L.M. Race and gender differences in religiosity among older adults: Findings from four national surveys. Journals of Gerontology: Social Sciences, 49, S137-145;1994.
Jayakody, R., Chatters, L.M., and Taylor, R.J. Family support to single and married African American mothers: The provision of financial, emotional, and child care assistance. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 55, 261-276;1993.
Siobán Harlow, Epidemiology
Dr. Harlow is interested in the epidemiology of menstruation and in identifying host and environmental factors associated with variation in bleeding patterns and with menstrual dysfunction. She currently is developing statistical methods for the analysis of menstrual bleeding patterns which allow one to account for both within-woman and between-woman variability in quantitative analyses. In addition, she has conducted a number of studies of occupational health status among Mexican women with collaborators in Mexico City which have included studies of birth outcome and musculoskeletal problems with a special focus on domestic workers, street vendors and women who work in the maquiladora industry.
Harlow SD and Zeger SL. Application of Longitudinal Methods to the Analysis of Menstrual Diary Data. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 44:1015-26;1991.
Harlow SD and Ephross SA. The Epidemiology of Menstruation and its Relevance to Women's Health. Epidemiologic Reviews 17:265-286;1995.
Ceron-Mireles P, Harlow SD and Sanchez-Carillo C. The Risk of Prematurity and Weight for Gestational Age Birth in Mexico City: The Effects of Working Conditions, Occupational Stress and Antenatal Leave. American Journal of Public Health 86:825-831.1996
Harlow SD and Park M. A Longitudinal Study of the Occurrence, Duration and Severity of Menstrual Cramps in a Cohort of College Women. Bristish Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology (in Press).
Nancy Janz, Health Behavior and Health Education
Dr. Janz' research has focused on gaining a better understanding of the unique concerns of women dealing with the threat of, or management of, chronic disease. Her research has included such areas as (1) the use of preconception care among women with diabetes (2) the efficacy of self-management programs for older women with heart diease, and (3) the effectiveness of interventions to encourage breast screening among older women. In addition, she has more recently become interested in measuring the effect of chronic disease and its treatment on women's quality of life.
Janz NK, Becker MH, Anderson LA, Marcoux BC. Interventions of enhance breast self-examination practice: A review. Public Health Reviews. 17(2-3):89-163;1990.
Sharpe PA, Clark NM, Janz NK. Differences in the impact and management of heart disease between older women and men. Women and Health. 17(2):25-43;1991.
Clark NM, Janz NK, Becker MH et al. Impact of self-managment education on the functional health satus of older women with heart disease. The Gerontologist. 32(4):438-443;1992.
Janz NK, Herman WH, Becker MP et al. Diabetes and pregnancy: Factors associated with seeking preconception care. Diabetes Care. 18(2):1-9,1995.
Edie Kieffer, Health Behavior and Health Education
Dr. Kieffer's research includes ethnic and geographic variations in women's health, including how these variations might help us understand risk factors for and protective influences on maternal and infant health. Specific studies have included factors associated with infant feeding choices, prenatal care use, low birth weight, preterm delivery and infant mortality. Related interests include pregnancy outcomes in relation to maternal chronic disease (especially diabetes and hypertension), exposure to toxic metals, and domestic violence. Current projects include the impact of maternal hyperinsulinemia on ethnic variations in intrauterine growth and other maternal and infant outcomes; and maternal and infant anemia and breastfeeding.
Kieffer E, Alexander G, Mor J, Lewis N. Geographic Patterns of Low Birth Weight in Hawaii. Social Science and Medicine; 36(4):557-564;1993.
Kieffer E, Mor J, Alexander G. Perinatal and Infant Health Status of Native Hawaiians. American Journal of Public Health; 84(9):1501-1504;1994.
Kieffer E, Alexander G, Mor J. Pregnancy Outcomes of Pacific Islanders in Hawaii. American Journal Epidemiology 141:674-679;1995.
Novotny R, Kieffer E, Mor , Thiele M. Nativity and Infant Feeding Patterns among Filipino Women in Hawaii. Ecology of Food and Nutrition. 33(4):263-272;1995.
Paula Lantz, Health Management and Policy
Dr. Lantz is a social demographer whose research focuses on public health policy issues related to women's health. Her current research agenda includes breast and cervical cancer control in underserved populations and measurement issues in estimating the potential of prenatal care to reduce poor birth outcomes.
Lantz PM, Partin M, Palloni A. Using retrospective surveys for estimating the effects of breast feeding and child spacing on infant and child mortality. Population Studies 46(1):121-139;1992.
Newcomb PA and Lantz PM. Recent trends in breast cancer incidence, mortality and mammography. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 28(2):97-106;1993.
Lantz PM, Dupuis LJ, Reding D, Krauska M, Lappe K. Peer discussions of cancer among Hispanic migrant farm workers. Public Health Reports 109(4):512-520;1994.
Lantz PM, Stencil D, et al. Breast and cervical cancer screening in a low-income managed care sample: the efficacy of physician letters and phone calls. American Journal of Public Health 85(6):834-836;1995.
Rita Loch-Caruso, Environmental and Industrial Health -- Toxicology
Dr. Loch-Caruso's research interests are focused on the potential impact of environmental chemical exposures on the final event of pregnancy, parturition. Using rodent animal models, she examines cellular and molecular hypotheses of mechanisms by which chemicals may initiate or impair the development of the coordinated uterine contractions necessary for labor. Experimental approaches span from molecular biology to whole animal assessment of parturition. Chemicals of interest that are currently under study include lindane, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and DDT.
Tsai M.-L., Webb RC, Loch-Caruso, R. Congener-specific effects of PCBs on contractions of pregnant rat uteri. Reprod. Toxicol. 10:21-28;1996.
Juberg DR, Stuenkel EL, Loch-Caruso R. The chlorinated insecticide 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethane (p,p'-DDD) increases intracellular calcium in rat myometrial smooth muscle cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 135:147-155;1995.
Criswell KA. and Loch-Caruso R. Lindane elimination of gap junctional communication in rat myometrial myocytes is mediated by an arachidonic acid-sensitive cAMP-independent mechanism. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.135:127-138;1995.
Edith Parker, Health Behavior and Health Education
Dr. Parker is interested in community-based strategies for improving health status of underserved populations. She currently serves as co-Principal Investigator of the Detroit Community-Academic Prevention Research Center's Village Health Worker maternal child health intervention, which is focusing on improving maternal and child health through the use of lay health advisors.
Ruth Simmons, Health Behavior and Health Education
Dr. Simmons is a social scientist who has done most of her research on family planning programs in third world countries, in particular in India, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Vietnam, Brazil and Bolivia. She seeks to understand what makes these programs effective, how they influence womens lives and in what ways they interact with social and institutional change. Her current work is closely associated with a new approach to the introduction of fertility regulating technologies which has been pioneered by the World Health Organization. Prof. Simmons teaches courses on women and fertility and on the administration of health and population programs.
Simmons R, Fajans F, Lubis F. Contraceptive introduction and the management of choice: the role of Cyclofem in Indonesia, Contraception 49(5):509-25;1994.
Simmons R, Mita R, Koenig M. Employment in Family Planning and Womens Status. Studies in Family Planning. 23(2):97-108;1992.
Simmons R, Elias C. The Study of Client-Provider Interactions - A Review of Methodological Issues Studies in Family Planning, 25(1): 1994.
Mita R, Simmons R. Diffusion of the Culture of Contraception : Program Effects onYoung Women in Rural Bangladesh, Studies in Family Planning, 26(1):1-13;1995.
MaryFran Sowers, Epidemiology
Dr. Sowers' work is in the chronic diseases, particularly in bone and mineral metabolism, musculoskeletal diseases including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and glucose/insulin metabolism. She is interested in how reproductive and hormonal events influence chronic diseases. She currently has NIH funding to study pregnancy lactation as well as the menopause in relation to these chronic diseases.
Sowers MF, Hochberg MC, Crabbe JP, Muhich A, Crutchfield M, Updike S. The association of bone mineral density and sex hormone levels with osteoarthritis of the hand and knee in premenopausal women. Am J Epidemiol 143:38-47, 1996.
Sowers MF, Eyre D, Hollis BW, Randolph JF, Shapiro B, Jannausch ML, Crutchfield M. Biochemical markers of bone turnover in lactating and non-lactating postpartum women. J Clin Endocrinol Metabol 80:2210-2216, 1995.
Sowers MF, La Pietra M. Menopause: Its epidemiology and potential association with chronic diseases. Epid Reviews 17:287-302, 1995.
Sowers MF, Hollis BW, Shapiro B, Randolph J, Janney C, Zhang D, Schork MA, Crutchfield M, Russell-Aulet M. Elevated parathyroid hormone-related peptide associated with lactation and bone density loss (accepted for publication, JAMA).
Caroline Wang, Health Behavior and Health Education
Dr. Wang's research interests are focused on the integration of community participation, health, and the visual image. She developed the foundational methodology for photovoice and has been the director of a large-scale community-based photovoice project involving Chinese village women. Freire's education for critical consciousness, feminist theory, and documentary photography underpin the methodology. Dr. Wang currently uses the photovoice with local and international community-based groups for participatory assessment, advocacy, and evaluation.
Wang C, Vittinghoff E, Lu S, Zhou M. Reducing Pregnancy and Induced Abortion Rates in China: Family Planning with Husband Participation. (submitted)
Wang C, Burris M. Photovoice: Concepts, Methodology, and Use for Participatory Needs Assessment.(submitted)
Wang C, Yuan YL, Feng ML. Photovoice as a Tool for Participatory Evaluation: The Community's View of Process and Impact. Journal of Contemporary Health 4:1996 (in press).
Wang C, Burris M, Xiang Y. Chinese Village Women as Visual Anthropologists: A Participatory Approach to Reaching Policymakers. Social Science and Medicine 42(10):1391-1400; 1996.